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It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_runtime_environment">Runtime environment</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>git subcommands are standalone executables that live in the git exec +path, normally /usr/lib/git-core. The git executable itself is a +thin wrapper that knows where the subcommands live, and runs them by +passing command-line arguments to them.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>(If "git foo" is not found in the git exec path, the wrapper +will look in the rest of your $PATH for it. Thus, it’s possible +to write local git extensions that don’t live in system space.)</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_implementation_languages">Implementation languages</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Most subcommands are written in C or shell. A few are written in +Perl.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>While we strongly encourage coding in portable C for portability, +these specific scripting languages are also acceptable. We won’t +accept more without a very strong technical case, as we don’t want +to broaden the git suite’s required dependencies. Import utilities, +surgical tools, remote helpers and other code at the edges of the +git suite are more lenient and we allow Python (and even Tcl/tk), +but they should not be used for core functions.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>This may change in the future. Especially Python is not allowed in +core because we need better Python integration in the git Windows +installer before we can be confident people in that environment +won’t experience an unacceptably large loss of capability.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>C commands are normally written as single modules, named after the +command, that link a collection of functions called libgit. Thus, +your command <em>git-foo</em> would normally be implemented as a single +"git-foo.c" (or "builtin/foo.c" if it is to be linked to the main +binary); this organization makes it easy for people reading the code +to find things.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>See the CodingGuidelines document for other guidance on what we consider +good practice in C and shell, and api-builtin.txt for the support +functions available to built-in commands written in C.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_what_every_extension_command_needs">What every extension command needs</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>You must have a man page, written in asciidoc (this is what git help +followed by your subcommand name will display). Be aware that there is +a local asciidoc configuration and macros which you should use. It’s +often helpful to start by cloning an existing page and replacing the +text content.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>You must have a test, written to report in TAP (Test Anything Protocol). +Tests are executables (usually shell scripts) that live in the <em>t</em> +subdirectory of the tree. Each test name begins with <em>t</em> and a sequence +number that controls where in the test sequence it will be executed; +conventionally the rest of the name stem is that of the command +being tested.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Read the file t/README to learn more about the conventions to be used +in writing tests, and the test support library.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_integrating_a_command">Integrating a command</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Here are the things you need to do when you want to merge a new +subcommand into the git tree.</p></div> +<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic"> +<li> +<p> +Don’t forget to sign off your patch! +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +Append your command name to one of the variables BUILTIN_OBJS, +EXTRA_PROGRAMS, SCRIPT_SH, SCRIPT_PERL or SCRIPT_PYTHON. +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +Drop its test in the t directory. +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +If your command is implemented in an interpreted language with a +p-code intermediate form, make sure .gitignore in the main directory +includes a pattern entry that ignores such files. Python .pyc and +.pyo files will already be covered. +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +If your command has any dependency on a particular version of +your language, document it in the INSTALL file. +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +There is a file command-list.txt in the distribution main directory +that categorizes commands by type, so they can be listed in appropriate +subsections in the documentation’s summary command list. Add an entry +for yours. To understand the categories, look at git-cmmands.txt +in the main directory. +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +Give the maintainer one paragraph to include in the RelNotes file +to describe the new feature; a good place to do so is in the cover +letter [PATCH 0/n]. +</p> +</li> +</ol></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>That’s all there is to it.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div> +<div id="footer"> +<div id="footer-text"> +Last updated 2012-12-21 15:44:56 PST +</div> +</div> +</body> +</html> 